旧约 - 撒母耳记下(2 Samuel)第22章
And David spake unto the LORD the words of this song in the day that the LORD had delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul: |
And he said, The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; |
The God of my rock; in him will I trust: he is my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge, my saviour; thou savest me from violence. |
I will call on the LORD, who is worthy to be praised: so shall I be saved from mine enemies. |
When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid; |
The sorrows of hell compassed me about; the snares of death prevented me; |
In my distress I called upon the LORD, and cried to my God: and he did hear my voice out of his temple, and my cry did enter into his ears. |
Then the earth shook and trembled; the foundations of heaven moved and shook, because he was wroth. |
There went up a smoke out of his nostrils, and fire out of his mouth devoured: coals were kindled by it. |
He bowed the heavens also, and came down; and darkness was under his feet. |
And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly: and he was seen upon the wings of the wind. |
And he made darkness pavilions round about him, dark waters, and thick clouds of the skies. |
Through the brightness before him were coals of fire kindled. |
The LORD thundered from heaven, and the most High uttered his voice. |
And he sent out arrows, and scattered them; lightning, and discomfited them. |
And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils. |
He sent from above, he took me; he drew me out of many waters; |
He delivered me from my strong enemy, and from them that hated me: for they were too strong for me. |
They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay. |
He brought me forth also into a large place: he delivered me, because he delighted in me. |
The LORD rewarded me according to my righteousness: according to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me. |
For I have kept the ways of the LORD, and have not wickedly departed from my God. |
For all his judgments were before me: and as for his statutes, I did not depart from them. |
I was also upright before him, and have kept myself from mine iniquity. |
Therefore the LORD hath recompensed me according to my righteousness; according to my cleanness in his eye sight. |
With the merciful thou wilt shew thyself merciful, and with the upright man thou wilt shew thyself upright. |
With the pure thou wilt shew thyself pure; and with the froward thou wilt shew thyself unsavoury. |
And the afflicted people thou wilt save: but thine eyes are upon the haughty, that thou mayest bring them down. |
For thou art my lamp, O LORD: and the LORD will lighten my darkness. |
For by thee I have run through a troop: by my God have I leaped over a wall. |
As for God, his way is perfect; the word of the LORD is tried: he is a buckler to all them that trust in him. |
For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God? |
God is my strength and power: and he maketh my way perfect. |
He maketh my feet like hinds' feet: and setteth me upon my high places. |
He teacheth my hands to war; so that a bow of steel is broken by mine arms. |
Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation: and thy gentleness hath made me great. |
Thou hast enlarged my steps under me; so that my feet did not slip. |
I have pursued mine enemies, and destroyed them; and turned not again until I had consumed them. |
And I have consumed them, and wounded them, that they could not arise: yea, they are fallen under my feet. |
For thou hast girded me with strength to battle: them that rose up against me hast thou subdued under me. |
Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me. |
They looked, but there was none to save; even unto the LORD, but he answered them not. |
Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad. |
Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people, thou hast kept me to be head of the heathen: a people which I knew not shall serve me. |
Strangers shall submit themselves unto me: as soon as they hear, they shall be obedient unto me. |
Strangers shall fade away, and they shall be afraid out of their close places. |
The LORD liveth; and blessed be my rock; and exalted be the God of the rock of my salvation. |
It is God that avengeth me, and that bringeth down the people under me, |
And that bringeth me forth from mine enemies: thou also hast lifted me up on high above them that rose up against me: thou hast delivered me from the violent man. |
Therefore I will give thanks unto thee, O LORD, among the heathen, and I will sing praises unto thy name. |
He is the tower of salvation for his king: and sheweth mercy to his anointed, unto David, and to his seed for evermore. |
撒母耳记下第廿二章
第 22 章
撒下 22:1-51> 大卫的诗有哪些特点?我对神的倾心是否像大卫一样达到不吐不快的地步?
22:1-51 大卫精通音乐,曾经为扫罗弹琴驱魔(参撒上 16:23 ),并设立圣殿的音乐敬拜(参代上 25 )。在全部诗篇之中,他写的诗最多。对他来说,写这样的一首诗并不奇怪。这感恩诗与诗篇第十八篇几乎完全相同(圣经中其他的诗歌,参看出 15 所附之图表)。
撒下 22:3> “角”在圣经中有何含意?我生命中的“角”又是什么?
22:3 大卫称神为“拯救我的角”,喻指牲畜因他们的角有力量,能防卫保护生命。神曾经帮助大卫胜过众仇敌,也拯救他脱离仇敌之手。
撒下 22:11> 22:11 基路伯是大能的天使。
撒下 22:22-24> 大卫可以从神的观点来审视自己的生活,我评价自己的准则又是在于什么呢?
22:22-24 大卫并非否认曾经犯过罪。诗篇第五十一篇说明他对与拔示巴通奸、谋杀她丈夫乌利亚的罪,感到极端痛苦。但他明白神的信实,乃从神的观点写这篇诗。他知道神使他重行洁净──“比雪更白”(参诗 51:7 ),并为他“造清洁的心”(参诗 51:10 )。我们藉着耶稣基督的受死与复活,也得以洁净,成为完全人。神用祂的圣洁遮盖我们的罪,不再看我们为有罪的人。
22:27 “乖僻的人,你以弯曲待他”,(也可以译为“弯曲的人,你以乖僻对他。”)这句话是指神是审判者,祂要处罚人的罪、除灭恶人。
大卫的赞美诗中显明有关神的真理──《灵修版圣经注释》
撒母耳记下第廿二章
颂赞的诗歌(上)(二十二 1 ~ 27 )
大卫对神有深彻的认识,加上个人亦有甚多宝贵的经历,于是他所写的诗篇便传诵一时,成为后人敬拜、祈祷及歌颂的典范。这一首充满了感恩的诗篇,想是大卫年老时,回顾过去的日子所遭遇的事致心中产生无限感触。大卫领悟到神奇妙的作为后,心中不其然受到激励,故藉诗歌以表心。
1. 他对神的认识是全面的,他可以数出十种不同的称号形容神在他身上的作为( 2 ~ 3 )。同时每一称号之前都用“我的”因这是他自己的经验。我们要思想自己对神的认识有多少,有没有以神是“我的”而感满足!
2. 大卫曾经历过无数次争战,遭受过不知多少次患难和危险,有些是有形的( 4 );有些是无形的( 5 ~ 6 )。面对这些事,祷告蒙应允是他最大的秘诀,他体验神是不会误事的神,在最适当的时候显出祂奇妙的作为来。从祂听见( 7 );亲自降临( 10 );抓住我( 17 );救我脱离仇敌( 18 );领我到宽阔之处( 20 )可见一斑。
3. 他明白神的性情,并乐意照神的心意而行,远离罪恶,守神的道。
思想 我是否也可以用大卫对神的十种形容来代表我和神的关系呢?
颂赞的诗歌(下)(二十二 28 ~ 51 )
由于常倚靠神而得胜,这使大卫向神深深感恩歌颂。主耶稣说过:“我来了,是要叫人得生命,并且得的更丰盛。”丰盛的生命是完全得胜的生命。
1. 生活方面的得胜: ① 神使我们能在光明中行( 29 ); ② 使我们在高处安稳( 34 ); ③ 保守我们不失脚( 37 )。我们要有美好的生活见证,使人能藉我们认识主。
2. 争战方面的得胜:神使我们有争战的能力( 35 ),并且得胜诸敌( 38 ~ 41 )。我们要感谢神,因祂常帅领我们夸胜(林后二 14 ),并且得胜有余(罗八 37 )。在与恶魔的争战中,我们不能凭自己的力量得胜,只有靠主,因祂是得胜者,故此属祂的都必得胜。
3. 地位方面的得胜:神高抬大卫,他由平民身分晋升为君王,神使他为大( 36 ),这是一个奇异的改变。只要我们能脱离卑贱的事,必成为贵重的器皿,在神眼中看为宝贵。故此,我们要认识自己的身分是如何的崇高(参彼前二 9 ~ 10 )。
“耶和华啊,因此我要……”( 50 )大卫在数算神恩之余,深感到神的伟大,自然要称谢歌颂神的名,要将神当得的荣耀归给祂。能感恩的人其实就是最蒙恩的人。
思想 能够数算恩典,是会使我们更肯定神的真实和伟大,从而使我们更有信心过在世的日子。──《新旧约辅读》
撒母耳记下 第廿二章 注释
1-51 大卫的感恩赞美诗
本章与诗篇 18篇大致相同,可参诗18篇注。
1 是诗18篇的标题,说明本诗写作的背景。
全诗多处以自然景物,旷野景色为题材,显示大卫在长期的旷野逃亡生涯中,从大自然界获得不少写诗的灵感。
思想问题(第 22章)
1 大卫多处用自然景物来形容和赞美耶和华。
试逐一找出。
你在自然界与四周环境中,又能否看见神的作为呢?
你会用什麽形容词句来赞美耶和华你的神呢?
2 大卫将消灭仇敌的功劳完全归给耶和华,并因此而赞美 、感谢;大卫更深深感受到神是他唯一的磐石、唯一的保障,因而紧
紧的投靠 。
神在你生命中是否也有着同样的影响力呢?
你会怎样回应主耶稣对你救赎的功劳呢?
3 26-28节描写神对不同人的不同待遇。你是怎样的人?
神是否按你当得的对待你?
4 大卫愿望神被人称崇( 47),他有否为此尽上努力?参50节。
撒母耳记下注释 二.大卫的感恩之诗(二二)
二二1~51 到目前为止,撒母耳记都是提及大卫作为一个战士和君王的功绩;只有偶尔提到他也是音乐家(撒上十六18)和诗人(撒下一17~27)。然而,大卫作为战士和君王的成就,今天对我们不大有直接的关系;我们记得他的名字,只是因他是诗人,故此撒母耳记差不多结束时,作者很适当地让我们看见大卫诗集中的样本。
这首诗是感谢上帝的赞美诗,大部分都是一般的称谢,只有最后的一节(51节),是大卫清楚地表达自己的感受。同时这里像其他的诗篇一样,它的语言很形像化,因此可以应用在各种的情况下,包括表达和承认上帝的帮助。大卫念这诗歌赞美耶和华拯救他脱离仇敌,以及倾倒给他数不尽的祝福。大卫声称上帝喜悦他(20节),这不是骄横傲慢,而是一种经验,也是一种喜乐和美妙的源头,正好象一个恋人断言他的伴侣很爱他一样;他的伴侣的关怀和爱心,乃是真实的和可触摸的,这是不可否认的。
这首诗大概写于王位稳固之后,扫罗已死,王国在大卫的领导下统一,以色列的敌人也被打败了。这首诗也记载在诗篇第十八篇,只有些差异;新约引述过,应用在弥赛亚身上(第3节“我所投靠的”,比较来二13
;第50节,比较罗一五9)。
把这首诗看为弥赛亚的诗篇,大纲如下:
l.赞美神垂听并回答祷告(2~4节)。
2.死亡包围着救主(5~7节上)。
3.神与地狱众军争战,他们欲阻止复活的发生,但他们没有成功(7节下~20节)。
4.神叫弥赛亚从死里复活的原因(21~30节)。
5.弥赛亚第二次降临,消灭他的仇敌(31~43节)。
6.弥赛亚荣耀的国度(44~51节)。
撒母耳记下 22:22
我 遵 守 了 耶 和 华 的 道: 大
卫 并 不 是 坚 持 说 他 从 未 犯 过 罪 或 者 他 完 美 无 缺。 他 是 说, 到 那 时 为 止, 他 一 直 以 一 颗 向 着 神 的 信
撒母耳记下
注释
二十二 1 至二十三 7 大卫的两首诗歌
二十二 1-51 赞美之诗
这首诗歌也收入了诗篇之内,是为诗篇十八篇,但内容有些微差异。这首诗歌在诗篇中的位置显示,它是用作一般感恩的诗歌。这里使用这诗歌是为了表明大卫有作为诗人的声望,但更特别是对大卫如何经历神,给予概括的评注。大卫在位期间,多与各种不同的「仇敌」( 1 节)争战,但他已赢得一段和平的日子。他必定是一个很有才干的人,但在本诗中,所有胜利和成功,都是归功给神。
第 1-7 节描述神对大卫来说,是怎样的一位神,而最重要的,神是他的「救主」。
第 8-20 节用了图画般的措词,来描绘神如何响应大卫的呼求,并强调了神的大能。
第 21-25 节提到神干预的基础:作为君王,大卫在以色列民中高举了神的律法。(第 24 节清楚地并没有提及大卫对乌利亚所行的恶,这诗篇是关乎皇室的政策,而不是个人的品行。)
第 26-37 节转而以神的信实为主题;祂真的持守了与大卫所立的约(参第七章)。
第 38-46 节谈到大卫的众仇敌,尤其是他凭借神的帮助而击退的那些外邦国族。
第 47-51 节重申大卫向神的赞美,并结束了这诗篇。本章最后的话是一些前瞻:神也会向大卫的「后裔」守约。更详尽的评注可见于诗篇第十八篇的注释。
撒母耳记下
撒母耳记下第二十二章
22:1
本章为大卫回忆往事,颂赞神一直保守他、救他脱离万般危险和苦难的诗篇(5-20节)。他赞美神的美善无他神能及(21-30节),神的应许从未落空(31-46节)。一般认为此诗完成于大卫战胜外敌之后(8:1及以后),和与拔示巴犯罪之前。此诗重见于《诗篇》18篇,参该处注。