旧约 - 列王记上(1 Kings)第22章

For three years there was no war between Aram and Israel.
But in the third year Jehoshaphat king of Judah went down to see the king of Israel.
The king of Israel had said to his officials, "Don't you know that Ramoth Gilead belongs to us and yet we are doing nothing to retake it from the king of Aram?"
So he asked Jehoshaphat, "Will you go with me to fight against Ramoth Gilead?" Jehoshaphat replied to the king of Israel, "I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses."
But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, "First seek the counsel of the LORD."
So the king of Israel brought together the prophets--about four hundred men--and asked them, "Shall I go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I refrain?" "Go," they answered, "for the Lord will give it into the king's hand."
But Jehoshaphat asked, "Is there not a prophet of the LORD here whom we can inquire of?"
The king of Israel answered Jehoshaphat, "There is still one man through whom we can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good about me, but always bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah." "The king should not say that," Jehoshaphat replied.
So the king of Israel called one of his officials and said, "Bring Micaiah son of Imlah at once."
Dressed in their royal robes, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them.
Now Zedekiah son of Kenaanah had made iron horns and he declared, "This is what the LORD says: 'With these you will gore the Arameans until they are destroyed.'"
All the other prophets were prophesying the same thing. "Attack Ramoth Gilead and be victorious," they said, "for the LORD will give it into the king's hand."
The messenger who had gone to summon Micaiah said to him, "Look, as one man the other prophets are predicting success for the king. Let your word agree with theirs, and speak favorably."
But Micaiah said, "As surely as the LORD lives, I can tell him only what the LORD tells me."
When he arrived, the king asked him, "Micaiah, shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I refrain?" "Attack and be victorious," he answered, "for the LORD will give it into the king's hand."
The king said to him, "How many times must I make you swear to tell me nothing but the truth in the name of the LORD?"
Then Micaiah answered, "I saw all Israel scattered on the hills like sheep without a shepherd, and the LORD said, 'These people have no master. Let each one go home in peace.'"
The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, "Didn't I tell you that he never prophesies anything good about me, but only bad?"
Micaiah continued, "Therefore hear the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throne with all the host of heaven standing around him on his right and on his left.
And the LORD said, 'Who will entice Ahab into attacking Ramoth Gilead and going to his death there?' "One suggested this, and another that.
Finally, a spirit came forward, stood before the LORD and said, 'I will entice him.'
" 'By what means?' the LORD asked. " 'I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouths of all his prophets,' he said. " 'You will succeed in enticing him,' said the LORD. 'Go and do it.'
"So now the LORD has put a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours. The LORD has decreed disaster for you."
Then Zedekiah son of Kenaanah went up and slapped Micaiah in the face. "Which way did the spirit from the LORD go when he went from me to speak to you?" he asked.
Micaiah replied, "You will find out on the day you go to hide in an inner room."
The king of Israel then ordered, "Take Micaiah and send him back to Amon the ruler of the city and to Joash the king's son
and say, 'This is what the king says: Put this fellow in prison and give him nothing but bread and water until I return safely.'"
Micaiah declared, "If you ever return safely, the LORD has not spoken through me." Then he added, "Mark my words, all you people!"
So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth Gilead.
The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, "I will enter the battle in disguise, but you wear your royal robes." So the king of Israel disguised himself and went into battle.
Now the king of Aram had ordered his thirty-two chariot commanders, "Do not fight with anyone, small or great, except the king of Israel."
When the chariot commanders saw Jehoshaphat, they thought, "Surely this is the king of Israel." So they turned to attack him, but when Jehoshaphat cried out,
the chariot commanders saw that he was not the king of Israel and stopped pursuing him.
But someone drew his bow at random and hit the king of Israel between the sections of his armor. The king told his chariot driver, "Wheel around and get me out of the fighting. I've been wounded."
All day long the battle raged, and the king was propped up in his chariot facing the Arameans. The blood from his wound ran onto the floor of the chariot, and that evening he died.
As the sun was setting, a cry spread through the army: "Every man to his town; everyone to his land!"
So the king died and was brought to Samaria, and they buried him there.
They washed the chariot at a pool in Samaria (where the prostitutes bathed), and the dogs licked up his blood, as the word of the LORD had declared.
As for the other events of Ahab's reign, including all he did, the palace he built and inlaid with ivory, and the cities he fortified, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel?
Ahab rested with his fathers. And Ahaziah his son succeeded him as king.
Jehoshaphat son of Asa became king of Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.
Jehoshaphat was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother's name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi.
In everything he walked in the ways of his father Asa and did not stray from them; he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD. The high places, however, were not removed, and the people continued to offer sacrifices and burn incense there.
Jehoshaphat was also at peace with the king of Israel.
As for the other events of Jehoshaphat's reign, the things he achieved and his military exploits, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Judah?
He rid the land of the rest of the male shrine prostitutes who remained there even after the reign of his father Asa.
There was then no king in Edom; a deputy ruled.
Now Jehoshaphat built a fleet of trading ships to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail--they were wrecked at Ezion Geber.
At that time Ahaziah son of Ahab said to Jehoshaphat, "Let my men sail with your men," but Jehoshaphat refused.
Then Jehoshaphat rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the city of David his father. And Jehoram his son succeeded him.
Ahaziah son of Ahab became king of Israel in Samaria in the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigned over Israel two years.
He did evil in the eyes of the LORD, because he walked in the ways of his father and mother and in the ways of Jeroboam son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin.
He served and worshiped Baal and provoked the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger, just as his father had done.
列王纪上第廿二章   第 22 章 

  王上 22:6> 这些先知是神的人吗? 

  22:6 这四百个先知可能是亚舍拉的祭司,以利亚在迦密山上虽然杀了四百五十个拜巴力的先知( 18:19-40 ),这批人却没有被杀。 

  列王年代与其仇敌 

  王上 22:7> 辨别真假先知的标准是什么? 

  22:7 约沙法知道异教先知与“耶和华的先知”之间的区别,所以他问是否还可以再问一个人。尽管亚哈不愿意,约沙法显然想做当做的事。可惜这两个王都不理会神的信息,只听异教先知的话。 

  王上 22:15-16> 米该雅也说王爱听的话了吗? 

  22:15 -16 米 该雅从前曾起誓说,他只讲神吩咐他讲的话,为什么又告诉亚哈可以去攻击亚兰人呢?他可能是冷嘲热讽,把异教先知的信息当作儿戏,以表明他们只将亚哈王愿听的话告诉他。他的语气令人人都听出他是在讥讽异教的先知。到他正正经经说话 的时候,他就预言王必战死,这场战争必败。亚哈虽曾一时悔改( 21:27 ),但仍然保留着一批假先知,而这些人正是导致他败亡的陷阱。 

  王上 22:19-22> 作领袖的怎样辨别身边的人,亚哈的教训给人什么警戒? 

  22:19 -22 米 该雅所见的异象,或许是天上的真实情景,或许是在地上发生的事情的比喻,说明假先知的诱惑会成为神惩罚亚哈的原因之一( 22:23 )。不管是不是神打发使者去引诱亚哈,祂总让假先知使亚哈陷在自己罪的网罗里。谎言之灵预表假先知的为人,只讲亚哈王爱听的话。 

  王上 22:20-22> 我不很了解全能的神,但我愿认识和追求神…… 

  22:20-22 神是否容许天使引诱人去作恶呢?要想明白邪恶,首先要了解神。( 1 )神本身是良善的(参诗 11:7 )。( 2 )神创造了美好的世界,但因人的犯罪使它败坏了(参罗 5:12 )。( 3 )神将来要重新改造这世界,使它变成良善的(参启 21:1 )。( 4 )神的能力远胜过邪恶(参太 13:41-43 ;启 19:11-21 )。( 5 )神暂时容忍邪恶,其实祂绝对能控制邪恶(参太 11:28-30 )。神没有创造恶,而且乐意助人去胜过恶。( 6 )神使用万事──包括善与恶,以成全祂的美意(参创 50:20 ;罗 8:28 )。 

  圣经告诉我们,有一位恨恶邪恶的神,将来有一天,祂会将邪恶完全除尽,直到永远(参启 20:10-15 )。祂绝不引诱任何人去作恶;但是,一心一意作恶之人,神可能会暂时任凭他犯罪,等到恶贯满盈之时,就使他们受到应得的惩罚,以色列人出埃及以前的埃及法老就是个明显的例子(参出 11:10 )。我们不需要知道神工作的一切细则,来建立我们的信心,确信祂对邪恶的权柄和对我们的仁慈。 

  王上 22:34> 乔装可蒙骗人的眼,却逃不脱神的手,我有过愚蠢之念…… 

  22:34 亚哈逃不了神的审判。亚兰王派三十二个精选的车兵长,专门为除灭亚哈。他以为可以逃脱,所以改装上阵,但是在车兵长追逐约沙法王的时候,有人随意开弓便射中了他。他以为脱下王服改装就可以逃脱阵亡的厄运,实在愚不可及。人有时想乔装来掩饰自己──改变职业、搬入新居、甚至离婚重新嫁娶,以逃避现实。但是神察看每一个人,也衡量他的动机。一切的伪装皆属徒然。 

  王上 22:35> 亚哈的悲剧给世人什么教训? 

  22:35 亚哈的死应验了先知的预言( 20:42 )。亚哈悲剧的详情,请看第 19 章对他的人物介绍。 

  王上 22:41-50> 22:41-50 有关约沙法的详情,请看历代志下 17 章至 20 章中所记他在位的政绩。 

  掠夺圣殿者 

  王上 22:43> 世无完人,约沙法有哪些功绩和局限? 

  22:43 约沙法像他的父亲亚撒与祖先所罗门一样顺服神,只是他还没有将邱坛废去──那是异教徒在山上所建拜假神的祠堂(参代下 20:33 )。在那里敬拜偶像是违背神的律法的(参民 33:52 )。他起初想除去这些(参代下 17:6 ),但是拜偶像已过于普遍,所以执行起来有困难。他虽然对全国的灵性、道德、以至物质财富的增长都有许多贡献,却未能除去邱坛,实在是美中不足的事。 

  分裂的以色列王国 

  王上 22:52-53> 列王纪上告诉了我们哪些历史的经验教训? 

  22:52-53 列王纪上开始的时候,以色列人在历史上最敬虔的君王大卫领导之下,有一个统一的王国。但是到书卷的末后,则以分裂了的王国和历代君王之中最邪恶的亚哈王之死作终结。究竟为什么这样不同呢?因为百姓忘记了神是他们最高的领导者。他们指派人作高官将领,可是这班人却不理会神,于是人民就随从这些行恶的领袖,仿效他们的生活方式。偶尔犯错却不正视,就会逐渐地成为一种生活习惯。对于他们的严重罪行,只有神的审判才能对付。祂容许敌国兴起,与以色列及犹大国争战,并打败他们,好作为对他们犯罪的惩罚。什么时候我们不再承认神是我们最高的领导者,那时就是走向败亡的第一步。 

  分裂的以色列王国 

 

  ──《灵修版圣经注释》