新约 - 加拉太书(Galatians)第4章

Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;
But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father.
Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:
But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,
To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.
Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.
Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.
But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?
Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years.
I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.
Brethren, I beseech you, be as I am; for I am as ye are: ye have not injured me at all.
Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first.
And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.
Where is then the blessedness ye spake of? for I bear you record, that, if it had been possible, ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me.
Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?
They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them.
But it is good to be zealously affected always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.
My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,
I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.
Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?
For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.
But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise.
Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar.
For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.
But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all.
For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.
Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.
But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.
Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.
So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.
加拉太书第四章   第 4 章 

  加 4:1-2> 嗣子就是继承者,何解会与奴仆无异?是人抄圣经抄错了吗? 

  4:1-2 按照当时的习俗,嗣子(承受产业的儿子)在未成年的二十五岁之前,仍须受管于管家和师傅(大多都是被掳的希腊学者,即奴隶)手下,故说与奴仆毫无分别。 

  加 4:3-7> 世俗小学,这个名称好不陌生,与我们的信仰有何关系? 

  4:3-7 世俗小学是指当时犹太教或外邦宗教初级阶段的宗教理论,也就是入门的道理。保罗以奴仆来说明在基督来为我们的罪受死以前,众人都被律法所辖制,以为律法可以使他们得救,不断努力守律法,又不住失败。从前我们是奴仆,如今可成为神的儿女,完全属于祂,跟祂建立密切的关系。因为有基督,我们也再不用惧怕神了,可以坦然无惧地来到祂的面前,知道祂会接纳我们成为祂家里的一员。 

  加 4:4> 时候满足,神就会来,我想等那时候,但又等得很不平安…… 

  4:4 “及至时候满足”,神就差遣耶稣来到这世上为我们的罪而死。犹太人一直盼望弥赛亚的降临,盼了好几百年,但是神的时间却是最完美的。有时我们会怀疑为什么神不应允我们的祈祷,但是我们绝不可以怀疑祂或放弃等候。在最适当的时候,祂便会回覆我们。你是不是正等待着神的时间呢?信靠祂的判断,并且相信祂是以对你的最大的好处为念的。 

  加 4:4-5> 耶稣也只不过是一个人,祂有什么了不起? 

  4:4-5 耶稣基督是由女人所生,祂是一个人;祂生为犹太人,受到神的律法制约,并且完全遵守了。虽然耶稣完全是一个人,却没有罪,因此他是无瑕无疵的祭牲,祂死是为了所有被罪捆绑的人,使我们获得释放,并成为神的儿女。 

  加 4:5-7> 我喜欢称神为阿爸父,你问我晓得这字义多少,这…… 

  4:5-7 根据罗马法律,养子拥有和亲子一样的父业继承权,即使他以前是一个奴隶,他也不是次等的儿子,在身分和继承权上与亲子平等。“阿爸”是亚兰文中对父亲的称呼,基督祈祷时也称天父为“阿爸”(参可 14:36 )。作为神所接纳的儿女,也就是祂的后嗣,我们跟基督一样同享天父的基业,也同享基督的痛苦与荣耀(参罗 8:15-17 )。 

  加 4:13-14> 在患难和困苦中的人,其实也真可怜;论到尽心帮助嘛,我…… 

  4:13-14 当保罗初访加拉太的时候,他正忍受着疾病的折磨。这个世界对人们的痛苦与不幸常常都是漠不关心的。保罗称赞加拉太人没有轻看他,即使他的景况成为他们的试炼。他们的这种关怀就好像耶稣要求我们所做的,去关怀无家可归的、饥饿的、有病的或坐牢的人,就如他们是耶稣本人一样(参太 25:34-40 )。你是拒绝那些在患难或困苦中的人,还是愿意把他们看作耶稣本人一样地照顾他们呢? 

  加 4:15> 从前我信,信得很起劲,是啊,现在嘛…… 

  4:15 你是否经已失去了喜乐?保罗感到加拉太的信徒已经因律法主义而失去了得救的喜乐。律法主义会夺去喜乐,因为( 1 )它使人有罪咎感,而不觉得被爱;( 2 )它使人恼恨自己,而不是谦卑;( 3 )它强调表现,而忽视关系;( 4 )它指出了我们所做不到的地方,却忽略了基督已经为我们所成就的。你若感到罪咎、或是觉得自身不足,就要查一下你所注视的。你是依靠信赖耶稣而活,还是按着别人的要求和期望而活呢? 

  三种偏离基督教的派别 

  加 4:16> 明明知道人的批评,要用心虚心听,只是听罢就满心不是味儿…… 

  4:16 保罗不太受欢迎,因为他责备加拉太人离开对基督起初的信。人性不会有多大的转变,受别人责备时我们也会愤怒填胸。但对给你意见的人,不要一概拒人千里,他们的话里或许有真理。谦卑地接受别人的意见,细心思考,当发现自己的态度或行为需要改变时,切记要一步一步地去做。 

  加 4:17> 世上哪有热心待人,却又想害人的人,保罗这是以小人之心,度君子之腹? 

  4:17 “那些人”是指自认为宗教权威,精于犹太教和基督教的假教师。他们利用信徒希望做得好的心理,赢得不少的追随者。但是,保罗指出他们的错误及自私的动机。假教师通常是道貌岸然也很具说服力,因此我们应当籍着圣经来检验人的言论和行为。 

  加 4:19> 作工犹如生产之苦──为了栽培别人,要搞成这样,我可真怕怕,你的想法是…… 

  4:19 保罗带领了不少人归主,又扶助栽培他们,使他们在灵命方面不断长进至成熟。或许这是他成功地成为属灵父亲的原因之一;他对属灵儿女有着深切的关怀,他把自己为信徒的灵命成长所受的痛苦比作生产之苦。我们也应该像保罗那样深切关怀自己的属灵儿女。当你带领一个人信主后,记住,要支持他,扶助他成长。 

  加 4:21-31> 受与不受律法限制也可以选择?我不会是夏甲吧…… 

  4:21-31 我们都是因着相信基督而得救,并非靠着行为。保罗将那些受律法辖制的人(以受辖制的奴婢夏甲为代表)跟那些不受律法辖制的人(以作主人的撒拉为代表)作了一个对比。夏甲嘲笑撒拉(参创 16:4 ),就好像犹太教士逼迫外邦信徒一样,坚持他们必须遵守律法才能得救。最后撒拉获胜,因为神按着应许,赐给她一个儿子;同样,那些以信来敬拜基督的人,最终也一定会获胜。 

  加 4:24> 保罗用作辩论的方法你可知道?就是…… 

  4:24 保罗解说在撒拉和夏甲身上所发生的,正好比神跟人的关系。他所用的是当时人们和他的对手惯用的辩论方法,正是以其人之道还治其人之身。──《灵修版圣经注释》